Nasals

1. Low amplitude, usually lower than liquids and glides
2. Often in vowel context
3. Zero in F1, gives ``split'' look
4. Narrow waveform (low amplitude)
5. Formant structure, usually F1, sometimes F2, F3
6. ``Nasal murmur'' at 300 Hz where only F1 shows up
7. Often have spectral discontinuity between nasal and vowel, as nasal cavity is closed--this also occurs a little bit with /l/ when the tongue tip establishes and relinquishes contact with the center of the alveolar ridge, but not with the other approximants.
8. nasalized vowels nearby

DEMO of nasals