To draw phonetic diacritical symbols in the Picture window or in the TextGridEditor, make sure that you have installed the Charis SIL and/or Doulos SIL font, for instance from www.sil.org or from www.praat.org. You can either type the symbols directly (if your computer has an input method for them), or use the backslash sequences in the following list.

Understrikes:

n̩ n\|v (combining vertical line below): syllabic consonant

b̥ b\0v (combining ring below): voiceless (e.g. lenis voiceless plosive, voiceless nasal or approximant)

o̞ o\Tv (combining down tack below, lowering): lowered vowel; or turns a fricative into an approximant

o̝ o\T^ (combining up tack below, raising): raised vowel; or turns an approximant into a fricative

o̘ o\T( (combining left tack below, atr): advanced tongue root

o̙ o\T) (combining right tack below, rtr): retracted tongue root

e̠ e\-v (combining macron below): backed

o̟ o\+v (combining plus sign below): fronted

o̤ o\:v (combining diaeresis below): breathy voice

o̰ o\~v (combining tilde below): creaky voice

d̪ d\Nv (combining bridge below): dental (as opposed to alveolar)

d̺ d\Uv (combining inverted bridge below): apical

d̻ d\Dv (combining square below): laminal

u̯ u\nv (combining inverted breve below): nonsyllabic

e̹ e\3v (combining right half ring below): slightly rounded

u̜ u\cv (combining left half ring below): slightly unrounded

Overstrikes:

ɣ̊ \gf\0^ (combining ring above): voiceless

ɛ́ \ef\'^ (combining acute accent): high tone

ɛ̀ \ef\`^ (combining grave accent): low tone

ɛ̄ \ef\-^ (combining macron): mid tone (or so)

ɛ̃ \ef\~^ (combining tilde): nasalized

ɛ̌ \ef\v^ (combining caron, háček, wedge): rising tone

ɛ̂ \ef\^^ (combining circumflex accent): falling tone

ö o\:^ (combining diaeresis): centralized

e̽ e\x^ (combining x above): mid-centralized

ɛ̆ \ef\N^ (combining breve): short

k͡p t͡s k\lip t\lis (combining double inverted breve, ligature): simultaneous articulation, or single segment

a‿b a\_ub undertie (liaison, if spaces don't mean breaks in your transcription)

In line:

ː \:f the phonetic length sign

ˑ \.f half length

ˈ \'1 primary stress

ˌ \'2 secondary stress

| \|f the phonetic stroke

t̚ t\cn (combining left angle above, corner): unreleased plosive

ɜ˞ \er\hr (combining rhotic hook): rhotacized vowel

pʼ p\ap apostrophe (for ejectives)

Superscripts:

tʰ t\^h aspiration

bʱ b\^H voiced aspiration (breathiness)

tʲ t\^j palatalization

tˠ t\^g, tᵚ t\^M, tᶭ t\^G velarization

kʷ k\^w rounding

tᶣ t\^Y rounding with palatalization

aˀ a\^? glottalization

tˁ t\^9 pharyngealization

tˡ t\^l lateral release

tⁿ t\^n, pᵐ p\^m, kᵑ k\^N nasal release

tˢ t\^s, kˣ k\^x, pᶠ p\^f affrication

tʸ t\^y (palatalization in a deprecated American notation)

Digraphs:

ʦ \ts t–s ligature

ʧ \tS tesh ligature

Links to this page

• Phonetic symbols
• What was new in 5.3?