round down: highest integer value not greater than x
ceiling (x)
round up: lowest integer value not less than x
sqrt (x)
square root: √x, x ≥ 0
min (x, ...)
the minimum of a series of numbers, e.g. min (7.2, -5, 3) = -5
max (x, ...)
the maximum of a series of numbers, e.g. max (7.2, -5, 3) = 7.2
imin (x, ...)
the location of the minimum, e.g. imin (7.2, -5, 3) = 2
imax (x, ...)
the location of the maximum, e.g. imax (7.2, -5, 3) = 1
sin (x)
sine
cos (x)
cosine
tan (x)
tangent
arcsin (x)
arcsine, -1 ≤ x ≤ 1
arccos (x)
arccosine, -1 ≤ x ≤ 1
arctan (x)
arctangent
arctan2 (y, x)
argument angle
sinc (x)
sinus cardinalis: sin (x) / x
sincpi (x)
sincπ: sin (πx) / (πx)
exp (x)
exponentiation: ex; same as e^x
ln (x)
natural logarithm, base e
log10 (x)
logarithm, base 10
log2 (x)
logarithm, base 2
sinh (x)
hyperbolic sine: (ex - e-x) / 2
cosh (x)
hyperbolic cosine: (ex + e-x) / 2
tanh (x)
hyperbolic tangent: sinh (x) / cosh (x)
arcsinh (x)
inverse hyperbolic sine: ln (x + √(1+x2))
arccosh (x)
inverse hyperbolic cosine: ln (x + √(x2–1))
arctanh (x)
inverse hyperbolic tangent
sigmoid (x)
R → (0,1): 1 / (1 + e–x) or 1 – 1 / (1 + ex)
invSigmoid (x)
(0,1) → R: ln (x / (1 – x))
erf (x)
the error function: 2/√π 0∫x exp(-t2) dt
erfc (x)
the complement of the error function: 1 - erf (x)
randomUniform (min, max)
uniform random deviate between min (inclusive) and max (exclusive)
randomInteger (min, max)
uniform random deviate between min and max (inclusive)
randomGauss (μ, σ)
Gaussian random deviate with mean μ and standard deviation σ
randomPoisson (mean)
Poisson random deviate
lnGamma (x)
logarithm of the Γ function
gaussP (z)
the area under the Gaussian distribution between –∞ and z
gaussQ (z)
the area under the Gaussian distribution between z and +∞: the one-tailed "statistical significance p" of a value that is z standard deviations away from the mean of a Gaussian distribution
invGaussQ (q)
the value of z for which gaussQ (z) = q
chiSquareP (chiSquare, df)
the area under the χ2 distribution between 0 and chiSquare, for df degrees of freedom
chiSquareQ (chiSquare, df)
the area under the χ2 distribution between chiSquare and +∞, for df degrees of freedom: the "statistical significance p" of the χ2 difference between two distributions in df+1 dimensions
invChiSquareQ (q, df)
the value of χ2 for which chiSquareQ (χ2, df) = q
studentP (t, df)
the area under the student T-distribution from -∞ to t
studentQ (t, df)
the area under the student T-distribution from t to +∞
invStudentQ (q, df)
the value of t for which studentQ (t, df) = q
fisherP (f, df1, df2)
the area under Fisher's F-distribution from 0 to f
fisherQ (f, df1, df2)
the area under Fisher's F-distribution from f to +∞
invFisherQ (q, df1, df2)
the value of f for which fisherQ (f, df1, df2) = q
binomialP (p, k, n)
the probability that in n experiments, an event with probability p will occur at most k times